Defence mechanisms, as introduced by Anna Freud, are unconscious psychological strategies we use to protect ourselves from anxiety, internal conflict, or painful emotions. Repression, for instance, pushes distressing memories or thoughts out of conscious awareness, helping us cope in the moment, even if those feelings remain unresolved beneath the surface. Projection allows us to disown uncomfortable feelings by attributing them to others. For example, someone who feels anger might perceive others as hostile instead. Denial, on the other hand, refuses to accept reality when it's too overwhelming, such as ignoring the signs of illness or grief. Though these mechanisms can distort our perception of reality, they also serve as essential buffers in times of emotional overload. Understanding these defences, both in ourselves and those we care for, can deepen our compassion, reduce judgment, and enhance emotional intelligence. Personally, this awareness helps us recognise when we’re avoiding truths that need healing. Professionally, especially in caring roles, it empowers us to meet others where they are emotionally, supporting them gently and respectfully through their own unconscious patterns toward growth and resilience.