Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

Changing how we think

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), developed in the 1960s and 1970s through the pioneering work of Aaron T. Beck (notably Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders, 1976) and Albert Ellis’s earlier Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT, 1955), is a structured, evidence-based approach that helps people understand how thoughts, emotions, and behaviours continually influence one another; through techniques such as cognitive restructuring (identifying and challenging unhelpful thinking patterns), behavioural activation (engaging in meaningful activities to counter low mood), exposure (gradually facing avoided situations to reduce anxiety), and skills training (e.g., problem-solving or relaxation methods), CBT empowers individuals to replace self-defeating cycles with healthier, more realistic mental habits. Its value extends from personal wellbeing, where it may improve mood, increase resilience, and enhance day-to-day functioning, to societal health, where its strong research base, brief format, and adaptability make it a cornerstone of modern public mental-health systems, reducing the burden of depression, anxiety, and stress-related conditions across communities. Valuable though CBT can be in addressing cognitive issues, it is often the case that a more comprehensive model of personhood is required to adequately address a wider range of issues, and at a deeper level. Life Theme Analysis (Gibson, 2023), a Christian model of personhood, provides such a conceptual framework. LTA recognises themes representative of the whole person: Spiritual, Cognitive, Motivational, Emotional, Physical, Behavioural, and Contextual.