In 1897 the English neurophysiologist Sir Charles Scott Sherrington crystallised a revolutionary idea by naming the “synapse”, from the Greek synaptein, “to clasp”, to describe the functional junction where one nerve cell communicates with another, a concept that resolved how the nervous system could be both anatomically discrete and functionally integrated, building on Santiago Ramón y Cajal’s neuron doctrine (1888–1891), which argued that neurons are individual cells, and standing in contrast to Camillo Golgi’s earlier reticular theory (1873). Sherrington’s experimental studies of spinal reflexes and inhibition, later synthesised in The Integrative Action of the Nervous System(1906), showed that behaviour emerges from coordinated synaptic interactions rather than isolated parts, a view later refined by figures such as Edgar Adrian (electrophysiology, 1920s) and John Eccles (chemical synaptic transmission, mid-20th century). From a Christian perspective, this work can be seen as uncovering the ordered wisdom of God in creation: the astonishingly precise connectivity of synapses echoes the biblical affirmation that we are “fearfully and wonderfully made” (Psalm 139:14), that many distinct parts form one living body (1 Corinthians 12:12–27), and that the renewal of the mind has real, embodied significance (Romans 12:2). Recognising the synapse as the site where experience, learning, and choice shape the brain underscores human responsibility and hope. The recognition that habits, relationships, and moral formation can strengthen or weaken neural pathways, makes Sherrington’s insight profoundly valuable for personal wellbeing (supporting mental health, learning, and self-control) and for societal health, as it grounds education, medicine, and compassionate care in a scientifically robust and theologically resonant understanding of how persons are integrated wholes, biologically connected and morally accountable within communities.